Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, which is crucial for good vision. This damage is often caused by abnormally high pressure in your eye, known as intraocular pressure (IOP), though glaucoma can also occur with normal or low IOP. If untreated, glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss and blindness.
Risk Factors: Factors that can increase the risk of glaucoma include age (over 40), family history of glaucoma, African or Hispanic ancestry, high IOP, certain medical conditions (like diabetes and hypertension), and prolonged corticosteroid use.
Glaucoma is diagnosed through comprehensive eye exams, including tests for IOP, visual field tests, and imaging of the optic nerve. Regular eye exams are essential for early detection, especially for those at higher risk. If you suspect glaucoma or are at increased risk, consult an eye care professional for an assessment.
